This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. are employed by miniPCR bio, manufacturer of the device used for transformation, DNA extraction, and DNA amplification. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.ĭata Availability: DNA sequence data will be available in the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) under project PRJEB39039.įunding: This study was funded by miniPCR bio and Boeing.Ĭompeting interests: E.A.S., E.J.G., and S.K. This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. Received: MaAccepted: JPublished: June 30, 2021 PLoS ONE 16(6):Įditor: Ruslan Kalendar, University of Helsinki, FINLAND (2021) A CRISPR-based assay for the study of eukaryotic DNA repair onboard the International Space Station. These milestones represent a significant expansion of the molecular biology toolkit onboard the International Space Station.Ĭitation: Stahl-Rommel S, Li D, Sung M, Li R, Vijayakumar A, Atabay KD, et al. As necessary steps in this process, we describe the first successful genetic transformation and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing in space. Here we describe a CRISPR-based assay for DNA break induction and assessment of double-strand break repair pathway choice entirely in space. The CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system offers a model for the safe and targeted generation of double-strand breaks in eukaryotes. However, our understanding of this problem has been limited by technical and safety concerns, which have prevented integral study of the DNA repair process in space. Previous work suggests that space conditions may impact the choice of DNA repair pathway, potentially compounding the risks of increased radiation exposure during space travel. Double-strand breaks are a type of DNA damage that can be repaired by two major cellular pathways: non-homologous end joining, during which insertions or deletions may be added at the break site, and homologous recombination, in which the DNA sequence often remains unchanged. As we explore beyond Earth, astronauts may be at risk for harmful DNA damage caused by ionizing radiation.
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